Report Contents

Acknowledgements 1. Introduction 2 Challenges 3 The Basis for Cooperative Action 4 Policy Actions Conclusions

---

Annex I. Basis for Cooperative Measures Annex II. Policy Actions Annex III. LBS Report 2007: Land Based Pressures on the Black Sea Annex VI. Nationally Reported Date Annex V. Black Sea Monitoring And Assessment Program

---

List of Tables List of Figures

Implementation of the Strategic Action Plan for the Rehabilitation and Protection of the Black Sea

2002 - 2007

ANNEX V. Black Sea Integrated Monitoring and Assessment Program: Reported concentrations in water, sediments and biota in 2001-2005

BSIMAP data on Nutrients in Water

Water	O2	O2	TSS	Secchi disk	BOD5	P-PO4	TP	N -NH4	N - NO3	TN
Bulgaria	%	mg/L O2	mg/L	m	mg/L O2	mol/l P		mol/l N	mol/l N
2005
Average	84.8	8.4	6.5		1.9	0.623	0.91	5.09	32.34	58.21
Max	121.0	13.5	47.0		4.0	3.05	3.07	31.21	50.71	120.71
Min	46.2	4.2	0.0		0.0	0.00	0.00	0.00	3.57	23.21
No of samples	26	28	22		21	28	12	28	18	15
2004
Average	87.39	8.13	19.23		1.97			5.36	6.56
Max	180.00	17.40	350.00		4.60			15.85	12.90
Min	54.90	4.46	1.00		0.00			0.00	0.00
2003
Average	82.00	8.03	10.80		1.67	0.04		0.179	19.43
Max	116.00	15.40	40.00		2.90	0.21		3.57	49.29
Min	46.50	4.51	1.00		0.90	0.00		0.00	0.00
No of samples	40	40	40		38	40		38	24
2002
Average	76.86	7.19	15.23	1.75	1.87	0.06		11.01	1.59
Max	132.00	14.20	28.00	5.5	4.88	0.86		39.93	37.86
Min	52.00	4.47	6.00	0.8	0.97	0.00		0.00	0.07
No of samples	38	38	38	38	38	38		24	38
2001
Average	97.48	9.17	18.00		1.75	0.11		7.11	39.21
Max	175.00	16.10	57.00		5.50	1.11		36.99	92.86
Min	38.10	4.16	2.00		0.80	0.00		0.00	0.00
No of samples	38	38	38		36	38		38	28

 

Water	O2	BOD5	P (PO4)	P total	N (NH4)	N (NO3)	N (NO2)	N, Total	SiO4
Georgia	mol/l	mol/l	mol/l	mol/l	mol/l	mol/l	mol/l	mol/l	mol/l
2005
Average	190.94	49.596	0.26		6.24	2.88		?
Max	259.4	65.6	0.38		10.2	5.61		?
Min	154.7	34.38	0.18		1.12	1.38		?
No of samples	8	8	8		8	8		8
2001
Average	169.6	121.28	0.52	0.65	0.26[1]	7.17	0.10		13.84
Max	204.8	147.2	0.70[2]		0.40	8.30	0.45		15.6
Min	150.4	102.4	0.18	0.54	0.20	6.20	0.02		11.4
No of samples	20	19	14	19	19	19	19	4	22

 

Water	O2	BOD5	P (PO4)	TP	N (NH4)	N (NO3)	NO3-N+NO2-N	TN	SiO4
Romania	mol/l O2	mol/l O2	mol/l P	mol/l P	mol/l N	mol/l N	mol/l N	mol/l N	mol/l Si
2005
Average	301.14	133.23	0.38	1.43	7.30	6.62		47.84	8.74
Max	405.5	304.6	7.23	4.32	46.05	32.68		155.3	90.7
Min	225.5	9.38	0.04	0.53	0.35	1.68		16.1	0.6
No of samples	47	49	49	12	49	49		12	49
2004
Average	333.23	139.06	0.566		4.853	8.323			9.973
Max	546.6	392.1	15.240		47.500	71.570			79.200
Min	225.1	45.1	0.010		0.550	1.080			1.700
No of samples	116	116	116		116	116			116
2003
Average	347.33	150.35	0.69		6.51	7.95	8.57		8.61
Max	649.40	527.90	13.36		104.60[3]	58.85[4]	61.19		44.10
Min	257.20	54.90	0.02		0.98	0.83	1.18		0.40
No of samples	94	90	88		99	99	99		99
2002
Average	325.5	145.3	0.57		8.7	8.48	9.52		10.01
Max	543.1	408.6	5.98		101.8	51.79	53.53		114.8
Min	198.3	32.2	0.01		0.32	2.21	2.48		0.1
No of sample	84	84	86		83	83			83
2001
Average	385.54	175.24	0.23		8.53	1.70			4.04
Max	426.24	357.12	3.40		19.06	11.70			28.25
Min	180.16	20.16	0.00		0.90	0.38			0.05
No of samples	78	62	74		74	74			71

 

Water	O2	BOD5	P (PO4)	TP	N (NH4)	N (NO3)	N (NO2)	TN	SiO4
Russian Federation	ml/L	mg/L O2	mkg/L[5]	mkg/L	mkg/L	mkg/l	mkg/L	mkg/L	mkg/l
2005
Average	6.42	0.832	7.104	14.705	12.395	42.577	2.687	274.81	494.38
Max	8.10	2.698	27.884	92.122	40.619	248.995	6.334	715.97	1826.142
Min	3.097	0.172	0.041	3.513	3.903	2.063	0.410	90.70	61.87
No of samples	213	115	177	133	154	147	176	131	177
May-August 2003
Average	8.2		8.34		13.7	0.7	1.5		395.88
Max	9.3		8.46		29.4	1.5	3.6		560.00
Min	7.6		8.27		0.0	0.0	0.2		230.00
No of samples	8		20		8	6	8		20
2002
Average	6.04		12.15		43.37	80.07	0.55		1999.20
Max	8.08		40.60		134.50	457.00	3.10		5644.00
Min	4.94		0.00		7.70	0.00	0.00		118.00
No of samples	6.00		6.00		6.00	6.00	6.00		6.00

 

Water	O2	Secci	H2S	P (PO4)	P total	N (NH4)	N (NO3)	N, Total	SiO4
Turkey	mg/l O2	m	mg/L	mol/l P	mol/l P	mol/l N	mol/l N	mol/l N	mol/l Si
2005
Average	8.86	6.59		0.199	0.386	1.636	0.367	8.315	10.813
Max	14.67	13.7		3.85	5.78	10.793	3.777	85.081	190.927
Min	1.67	0.6		0.007	0.029	0.377	0.0095	0.988	0.004
No of Samples	836	128		835	836	836	835	836	836
2004
Average	8.47	12.17	0.31	0.32[6]	0.31	1.84	0.35	3.76	13.06
Max	11.63	15.88	0.50	4.69	1.74	7.62	7.26	12.07	52.71
Min	0.54	7.93	0.18	0.14	0.14	0.06	0.01	2.42	0.62
No of Samples	413	415	4	414	412	415	414	412	415

 

Water	Chlorophyll
Turkey
2004	mg/L
Average	0.76
Max	5.186
Min	0.1
No of samples	389

 

Water	O2	Secci	BOD5	P (PO4)	P total	N (NH4)	N (NO2)	N (NO3)	N total	SiO4
Ukraine	mg/L	m	mg/L	mg/L	mg/L	mg/L	mg/L	mg/L	mg/L	mg/L
2005
Average	8.66		2.25		0.04	0.17	0.02	0.29	0.17	0.45
Max	11.30		4.40		0.06	2.23	0.43	2.00	0.52	1.04
Min	3.12		1.80		0.01	0.00	0.00	0.01	0.04	0.01
No of samples	113		78		13	78	88	86	12	15
2004
Average	9.05	2.48	2.28			0.11	0.01	0.22	0.38
Max	11.30	1.70	14.00			2.05	0.22	2.20	3.45
Min	4.80	14.00	1.00			0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
No of samples	88	74	88			68	86	69	57
2003
Average	7.29		2.20	0.028	0.06	0.12	0.01	0.20	0.56	0.45
Max	10.80		6.20	0.122	0.15	1.59	0.17	2.40	1.70	0.89
Min	3.24		1.50	0	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.11	0.15
No of samples	21		98	19	17	112	116	116	17	18
2002
Average	9.79		2.36		0.02	0.05	0.01	0.09	0.18	0.39
Max	11.07		4.60		0.03	0.22	0.06	0.37	0.18	0.43
Min	8.53		1.36		0.01	0.01	0.00	0.01	0.18	0.35
No of samples	15		13		5	15	16	15	4	5
2001
Average	9.00		2.40	0.016	0.04	0.05	0.01	0.01	0.37	0.29
Max	10.19		2.90	0.029	0.07	0.25	0.03	0.04	0.58	0.47
Min	7.50		1.80	0.004	0.02	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.17	0.12
No of samples	13		10	8	5	13	13	13	5	5

 

BSIMAP Data on Heavy Metals and Organic Micropollutants in Water

Water	Cd	Cu	Hg	Pb
Bulgaria	g/l	g/l	g/l	g/l
2004
Average	0.13	2.07		1.07
Min	0.00	0.00		0.00
Max	2.00	6.00		8.00
No of samples	35

 

Water	Cd	Cu	Hg	Pb
Georgia	g/L	g/L	ng/L	g/L
2001
Average	41.00	4.66		0.24
Max	41.00	78.00		0.28
Min	41.00	0.07		0.21
No of samples	5.00	19.00		19.00

 

Water	Cd	Mn	Cu	Pb
Romania	g/l	g/l	g/l	g/l
2003
Average	1.52	5.98	3.79	8.17
Max	2.86	14.54	10.73	32.85
Min	0.73	0.99	0.16	0.51
No of samples	18	11	18	18
2001
Average	1.80	12.01	10.56	9.25
Max	10.97	22.29	40.80	49.95
Min	0.06	2.27	0.04	0.59
No of samples	50	30	50	39
Water	DDT	Lindane	Petroleum Hydrocarbons	PAHs
Romania	g/l	g/l	g/l	ng/l
2003
Average	32.32	223.6	194.1702	36.87
Max	32.32	359.88	1096	103.07
Min	32.32	130.27	9.5	1.85
No of samples	1	3	51	3
2001
Average	18.64	89.38	149.35	253.85
Max	783.00	2083.00	2268.40	993.00
Min	0.00	0.00	0.00	2.32
No of samples	42	42	96	38

 

Water	DDT	DDD	DDE	Lindane	Petroleum Hydrocarbons
Russian Federation	n/L	n/L	n/L	n/L	mg/L
2002
Average	0	0	0	0	0.03
Max	0	0	0	0	0.09
Min	0	0	0	0	0
No of samples	0	0	0	0	6

 

Water	Cd	Cu	Hg	Pb	Petroleum Hydrocarbons
Turkey	g/l	g/l	g/l	g/l	g/L
2004
Average	0.51	1.61	1.74	0.14	11.24
Max	0.86	3.28	7.74	1.10	77.17
Min	0.26	0.72	0.00	0.00	0.99
No of Samples	50	50	50	50	66

 

Water	Cd	Cu	Hg	Pb	Petroleum Hydrocarbons
Ukraine	g/L	g/L	g/L	g/L	g/L
2004
Average					50
Min					50
Max					180
No					86
2003
Average					50
Min					50
Max					60
No					96
2002
Average					50
Min					50
Max					90
No					94
2001
Average					50
Min					50
Max					50
No					9

 

BSIMAP: Heavy Metals in Bottom Sediments

 

Bottom Sediments	Cd	Cu	Hg	Pb
Romania	mg/kg	mg/kg	mg/kg	mg/kg
2004
Average	5.52	57.86		50.95
Max	30.19	182.96		149.45
Min	0.65	8.61		3.49
No of samples	42	43		43

 

Bottom Sediments	Cd	Cu	Hg	Pb
Turkey	mg/kg	mg/kg	mg/kg	mg/kg
2004
Average		69.08	68.50	27.04
Max		269.00	286.00	62.00
Min		19.00	4.00	11.00
No of Samples		50	39	49

 

 

 

Trace metals in Biota

Biota, mussels	Pb	Cd	Hg
Romania	g / g	g / g	g / g
2003
Average	0.41	0.092
Max	0.58	0.150
Min	0.31	0.017
No of samples	3	3

 

APPENDIX I: Information on SQL-server on-line BSIS developed within the BSERP

The Black Sea Information System (BSIS) was a part of the Information Strategy developed within the project. BSIS was the first key element of the implementation of the Information Strategy of the Black Sea Commission. The system provides tools for reporting and communication at the international level, regional, and national level.

The implemented approach distinguishes between two sections/parts of the information system developed. These are: an internal area/system (or the loop of official reporting) and external interface/systems (or the loop of supporting activities and development). The first internal part of the system has to support and facilitate the Commissions activities in relation to the official reporting of the countries, whereas the loop of development provides needed means and tools to facilitate any kind of supporting activities, i.e. the development of background documents, assessments or drafting official documents (strategies, protocols, agreements, etc.).

The main requirements to the information within the BSIS are to:

   correspond to the needs in information, as well as to the interest of users (e.g. the Black Sea Commission, International Programmes (e.g. BSERP, Tacis, WB ICZM), public, NGOs, private sector, etc.);

   provide operational access of the interested parties (also via the Internet) to the data and information available for the Black Sea region in different fields of activities;

   correspond to the information requirements of decision support tools, in particular GIS;

   consider the regional peculiarities of the Black Sea environment;

   correspond to the requirements of the Programmes developed within BSEP/BSERP (e.g. the Black Sea Monitoring and Assessment Programme (BSMAP), Water Quality Objectives for the Black Sea region, system of environmental indicators);

   provide a basis for further development of the water quality standards, quality objectives and key indicators in the region and harmonisation of the existing in the riparian countries legislation.

 

The main principles of the BSIS are regarded to be:

   BSIS must be of a regional nature and be coordinated (but not necessarily operated) at the Black Sea level (e.g. Permanent Secretariat)

   All participants to the system need to be interested in the functioning and future development of the system, which would provide its sustainability in future

   Data and information quality must fit the international QA/QC procedures

   All riparian countries must share data and information on the Black Sea within the implementation of the Black Sea Convention and corresponding Strategies, Protocols and Programmes.

    

Database. The central database of BSIS is a SQL-server 2000 database. The database contains 219 inter-related tables containing information on all aspects of the implementation of the Black Sea Strategic Action Plan. In order to operate the database a Database Management Application has been developed with a user-friendly interface.

Database Management Application. The software has been developed on the basis of the corresponding Informational Strategy. The development process involves the main organisational units of the Black Sea Commission and presently focuses mainly on the official reporting rather than development/research activities. There are two types of DBMAs. Central DB application works with the central BSIS database, whereas every AG-specific DBMAs work only with the tables related to the corresponding AG-related information. A super DBMA is able to work with all sections of the database. The Central DB application forms a sound basis for the implementation of data exchange and provides all needed tools for storing/retrieval the data and support of management decisions (initially - State of Environment reports, reporting on the implementation process of the Black Sea Strategic Action Plan).

Importing data into BSIS. A number of supporting applications have been developed to enter the data into the system. These are:

Software for each of the AG, which operates a MS Access database compatible with the Central BSIS database.

Reporting templates in MS Excel developed for each Advisory Group. The templates are also compatible with BSIS

A series of importing routines have been developed for user-friendly import of data received from the countries into the system.

Web-based Application. In order to access information stored in BSIS a web-application has been developed for browsing and exporting the BSIS data. The structure of the web-application is presented below. Only data to be reported to EEA are accessible.

BSIS is operational in the joint premises of the BSC/PS and BSERP PIU. The database of the system has been populated with the data for 2001-2005.

 

APPENDIX II: Vessel Traffic Oil Pollution System (VTOPIS) Pilot Project

The pilot project is implemented in Bulgaria. The main activities of the project included:

   Assessment of the current situation, determination of the place of VTOPIS offices and identification of goals and objectives for the VTOPIS;

   Development of software for visualisation, tracking and backtracking of the ships traffic, which could pose a high risk of pollution for the marine environment;

   Development of an integrated database with the ships pollution information, including collection and dissemination of information among the Bucharest Convention, related international organizations, national parties and the public;

   Determination of standard formats to report ships pollution issues for related authorities and data exchange formats between VTOPIS and the competent national authorities in case of oil spill incidents;

   Provision of hardware and software for building of the database, communications and oil spill modeling;

   Development of a proposal for multiplication of VTOPIS for the rest of the Black Sea countries.

General objectives:

To improve the protection of the marine environment and vulnerable coastal resources;

To enhance and strengthen the capabilities of the authorities of the Black Sea states for monitoring and control of the marine environment, including emergency situations at sea;

To contribute to the effective implementation of the Black Sea Contingency Plan to the Protocol on Co-operation in Combating Pollution of the Black Sea by Oil and other Harmful Substances in Emergency Situations, Bucharest Convention.

Specific objectives:

   Assessment of the current situation on management of VTOPIS related information in the nominated country;

   Design a Vessel Traffic Oil Pollution Information System for collection, update, exchange and management of information, including generation of required reports. The System is designed to:

   Support respective national authorities in management of the information related to VTOPIS;

   Establish an information network consisting of central, local facilities and socio-economic organisations, towards the management of VTOPIS and fulfill the obligations to the Bucharest Convention;

   Support Government in monitoring the reduction and elimination of pollution originated from ships;

   Support the Government in monitoring and evaluating environmental policy performance related to management of pollution, in order to take appropriate actions towards environmental protection in Black Sea countries and fulfill the obligation to the Bucharest Convention;

   Provide technical guidance/ format for regular reports on ships pollution issues to related ministries, sectors and facilities;

   Provide relevant information to support research and development on pollution prevention and control related to pollution from ships. (e.g. information for evaluation of new production processes and technologies, waste treatment technologies etc.);

   Provide information to support the identification and assessment of the potential risks to the human and environment by monitoring the sources and releases of pollution into the environment;

   Exchange and disseminate information among the relevant stakeholders and the public, contributing to the protection of human health and environment from the adverse impacts of pollution;

   Collect information and generate required reports to the Government and the Bucharest Convention.

   VTOPIS structure with different modules for different kind of activities, as:

   Data acquisition - input/output of different kind of information, including hydrological, meteorological, ship particulars, etc.;

   Data exchange - exchange of information with other institutions and/or VTOPIS offices in other Black Sea countries;

   Reports generation, including reports for inspections of the ships, reports for different kind of statistics for pollution and/or ships;

   Database management;

   Real time visualisation;

   Backtracking;

   Oil spill modeling.

 

After the completion of the project and analyzing of the results the following conclusions can be made:

VTOPIS provides all necessary tools for the daily activities of MEPC department including management of the inspections, permissions and pollution reports;

The information management integrated in VTOPIS database provides fast and accurate generation of all needed reports. Implementation of data export in MS Excel format provides additional possibilities for generation of unlimited number of more exotic reports and data analysis;

Close integration between VTMIS and VTOPIS is essential for the efficiency of the system. Real time visualization and backtracking are compulsory for effective monitoring of the vessel traffic and oil spill investigations;

Implementation of VTOPIS does not require expensive and specialized hardware equipment;

Implementation of professional and well supported oil spill modeling system requires more funds than provided in the pilot project. However the GNOME system can be used until such financing is available;

For successful implementation of VTOPIS in the rest of the Black Sea countries more research of the legal basis in these countries is needed;

AIS data sharing between Black Sea countries will improve the readiness in case of oil spills and will provide valuable data for oil spill investigations;

The pilot project VTOPIS gives the necessary data in case of operational or accidental oil spills and other emergencies. The implementation of this system in Bulgaria and possibility for multiplication in other Black Sea countries greatly improves the ecological control of shipping in the Black Sea region.

 

 

---

[1] Not reliable difference between values of N-NH4 and N-NO3

[2] For Max Ptot there is no value corresponding to 0.70

 

[3] Constanta, May , 5 m depth

 

[4] Sulina, May, 5m depth

[5] Needed to transfer into mol/l

[6] All marked columns need specific interpretation