Annex III: LBS Report 2007: Land Based Pressures on the Black Sea.
The Reports deals with Municipal, Industrial Pollution Sources and Riverine Loads to Coastal Waters.
Municipal Sources include the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) discharges from the residential (urban) areas that were reported by the BS States. For the municipal pollution sources five parameters, which are BOD5, Total Nitrogen (TN), Total Phosphorus (TP), Total Suspended Solids (TSS) and Flow (Q), have been selected to illustrate in this report.
The six Municipal Sources, identified as Hot Spots, reported by Bulgaria are Balchik, Asparuhovo, Tsarevo, Varna, Bourgas and Sozopol.
As it is illustrated in the Figure above, the highest BOD contribution is coming from Varna WWTP and Sozopol sewerage which have app 54% and 15% of the total amount respectively in 2007. Naturally, Varna has the biggest load for Bulgaria because it is one of the biggest cities in the Bulgarian Black Sea coast.
Since Bourgas WWTP does not discharge directly into the sea, Varna is the largest source that discharges directly into the Black sea.
Georgia has reported only 3 parameters in 2006, which are BOD-5, TSS and Q. Six Municipal Sources reported by Georgia are Kobuleti, Kutaisi, Poti, Tskhaltobo, Zugdidi and Batumi.
Kutaisi and Batumi seems the largest BOD-5 and TSS sources among the six municipal sources reported by Georgia. However, due to the fact that the other points were not reported by Georgia, we can not conclude clearly as Kutaisi and Batumi are the largest pollution sources. Neither TN nor TP were reported for 2006 by Georgia.
Romania has four municipal sources, which are Constanta Sud, Canstanta Nord, Eforie Sud and Mangalia.
Constanta Sud (south) is the largest pollution source along the Romanian coastline.
| Russian Federation Municipal sources of pollution at the Black Sea | Adler |
| Kudepsta | |
| Bzugu | |
| Navaginskiye | |
| Dagomis | |
| Lazarevskiye | |
| Tuapse | |
| Gelendzhik | |
| Kabardinka | |
| Novorossiysk | |
| Anapa |
Turkey has seven municipal sources, which are Trabzon, Samsun, Zonguldak, Giresun, Ordu, Bafra and Ereğli.
Samsun WWTP is the largest pollution sources among the seven sources that Turkey reports.
Ukraine has eight municipal and one mixed discharging points, which are Pivdenni, Pivnichni, Balaklava, Yevpatoriya, Sevastopol, Yalta, Gurzuf, Illichevsk and Port Yuzhni (mixed source). Ukraine has not reported all the parameters and all of the sources; therefore it is difficult to assess the largest pollution source for the BS coming from Ukraine.
TN was not reported by Ukraine. To give an idea, the sum of NO2-N, NO3-N and NH3-N was used instead of TN.
* NO2-N+ NO3-N+ NH3-N
As it was mentioned before, it is difficult to determine which municipal source has the largest load to the BS among the WWTPs that Ukraine reports because of the lack of data. So, the decline in the trend may not reflect an actual decrease.
Industrial sources that were reported by the BS States include, oil terminal, mining activities, ports and other relevant industries within the coastal line of the BS States. Every State has named its own industry and reported their effluents to the Commission. BOD5, TSS, Q and heavy metal concentrations were selected to illustrate in this report. Since most of the states have gaps on these parameters in their reports, evaluation of the industrial inputs fully is not possible.
Bulgaria reports five industrial sources, which are Lukoil Neftochim Bourgas AD - oil terminal Rosenets, Port Varna, Port Buurgas, Solvey Sodi AD and Lukoil Neftochim Bourgas AD - oil refinery (central treatment plan). From them three industrial sources are reported as Hot Spots.
Georgia has only one industry, Batumu Oil Terminal, to report.
Heavy metals and TSS for 2006 were not reported by Georgia.
There are two industries along the Romanian cost that were reported to the Commission, which are Rompetrol (refinery and petrochemical plant) and Oil Terminal. Heavy metals were not reported by Romania.
| Russian Federation | Ballast water treatment plant, Tuapse | Tuapse | Oil pollution | "Nafta-T" company |
| Ballast water treatment plant, Novorossiysk | Novorossiysk | Oil pollution | Chernomortransneft |
The industries that were reported by Turkey are Turas KBI Murgul, TUGSAS Samsun and KBI Samsun Copper. The reported parameters are presented below:
Industry loads have not been reported by Ukraine.
Riverine Loads to Coastal Water
According to the Black Sea Strategic Action Plan, all riparian countries report the agreed parameters that are measured in the individual rivers that flow to the Black Sea in their coastline. Ukraine reports eight rivers, Russia reports six rivers, Georgia and Turkey report five rivers, Romania reports three rivers (braches of Danube) and Bulgaria reports two rivers. In this report, total riverine inputs from each county for 2006 were evaluated for TN, TP, BOD-5 and TSS loads and Q. Total riverine input from Romania was plotted separately since the total load from Romania (Danube) was very high when compared with the other countries. In fact Danube is the largest pollution source for the Black Sea in comparison with the other reported rivers.
Additionally, total loads for 2004 and 2005 were included to show general picture.
Georgia has not reported TN for all of the five rivers. TN load reported in 2004 is the load from Rioni (north) only and loads reported in 2005 and 2006 includes loads from Rioni North and Tchorokhi. Georgia has not reported TN in 2006; hence the sum of NO2-N, NO3-N and NH3-N was used instead of TN. TN load reported by Turkey in 2004 is also the cumulative of NO2-N, NO3-N and NH3-N (excluding Ammonia from Filyos exit and oruh River).
Measured at Reni, SoE Report data.
Evaluation of TP load from the rivers may not give a clear information since some of the countries have not reported it at all, while the others have reported the values not from all rivers within their borders. In 2004, the TP load reported by Turkey includes loads from Sakarya and oruh Rivers and load reported by Romania includes only Sulina Branch load.
The second Fıgure above shows the TP VALUES Measured at Reni (TNMN data, ICPDR Reporting to the BSC). TP value for Reni in 2005 is indeed substantially elevated, but this value was double-checked by the Romanian monitoring experts and approved formally by Romania. The difference betweeen 2005 and 2004 is that in 2005 a substantial increase in suspended solids load was observed at Reni being a carrier of TP. But of course other factors can play certain role as well.
Biologic Oxygen Demand (BOD-5)
BOD-5 loads reported by Georgia and Turkey do not include Rioni (south) and oruh river, respectively.
Total Suspended Solid (TSS) Load
TSS loads reported by Turkey in 2004 and 2005 do not include Filyos Exit and oruh River and in 2005 it does not include oruh River. Similarly, Georgia has not reported TSS loads from Supsa River in 2004 and 2005, and TSS load from Rioni (South) in 2006.
Total Russian riverine flow in 2005 does not include flow from Tuapse.
Total River Input of Trace metals and organic pollutants (tonnes)
| Rioni (north) |
| Rioni (south) |
| Tchorokhi |
| Supsa |
| Khobi |
Russian Federation, Sochi, trace metals and detergents (tonnes), hydrocarbons (kilotonnes)
Turkey (River Sakarya in tonnes)
Dnipro River (trace metals in tonnes)
Danube River (Chilia branch)
Southern Bug
Dniester River
Annex IV: Nationally reported data
(see also www.blacksea-commission.org BSIMAP and BSIS in Inf&Resources)
Reporting of PMA and LBS AG: Pollution, Monitoring and Assessment/Land Based Sources and cross-cutting issues with other Advisory Groups reporting (CBD, FOMLR, CBD and ICZM)
| Contaminant important to be monitored | Policy questions addressed | BSIMAP Activity | Action by | Actions in 2007-2011undertaken already and planned |
| Cd, Hg, Pb, Cu | What are the loads of trace metals from land-based sources of pollution? Are agreed measures effective in reducing pollution? | 1.Monitor discharges and estimate riverine, direct industrial and municipal loads 2. Regularly update the list of hot spots | AG LBS | To improve the reporting formatTo improve/quality check the regional database on land-based pollution dischargesTo compile national meta data on all industrial and municipal sources of pollution in the coastal BS zoneTo develop set of indicatorsto continue harmonizing monitoring strategies |
| What are the concentrations in water, sediments and biota? | 1. Monitor concentrations in water, sediment and biota | AG PMA | To improve the format and procedure for information exchangeTo quality check the regional pollution monitoring databaseTo develop background values and assessment criteria for nvironmental qualityTo sustain the regional quality assurance and quality control system To develop set of indicators for reporting on the state of the Black Sea environmentTo outline trendsTo continue harmonizing the methods used and national monitoring strategies | |
| Pesticides | What are the levels of pesticides in the water, sediments and biota? | Monitor concentrations in water, sediments and biota | AG PMA, LBS | To assess the scope of problem for the Black Sea by random sampling in the vicinity of major sourcers of organotin pollution (say major ship routes) |
| PCBs (not reported by the BS states) | What are loads of PCBs in the Black Sea | Up to now not being included in the national reporting, to promote such observations needed | AG LBS | To compile national data if available: inventory of PCBs sources and preliminary assessment of loads, including riverrine inputs |
| What are the concentration of PCBs in marine biota (including mammals) and bottom sediments | Needed pilot monitoring of PCBs levels in bottom sediments and biota and decision on their relevance for regional monitoring program | AG PMA | To propose including sampling for PCBs | |
| PAHs | Which are the major sources and how large are the inputs | 1. To update the list of pollution sources 2. To assess input of PAHs from different pollution sources | AG LBS AG PMA | Further compile and quality check data on PAHs loads where available |
| What are the concentrations in water, sediments and biota | 1. To carry out the screening of the levels of PAHs in water, biota and bottom sediments | AG PMA | To include PAHs measurements in programs of cruises 2. To quality check the existing information on PAHs concentrations in water, sediments and biota and | |
| Do PAHs affect fish and shellfish | 1. To identify effects of contamination | 1. To incorporates random sampling where possible to address the problem (feasibility study) | ||
| NHS | What chemicals are transported via the Black Sea? | Up to now not being included in the national reporting | AG ESAS | To compile meta data on regular transportationsIllegal discharges,Accidents |
| Phenols | What are the loads of phenols coming from land-based sources of pollution? What are their concentrations in water and sediments? Do phenols pose risk to human health and Black Sea environment? | Conduct inventory of pollution sources of phenols, loads estimations, concentrations in water and sediments monitoring | AG LBS, PMA | To assess level of loads stemming to the marine environment To assess level and impact of phenol pollution on coastal waters and sediments To outline trends |
| Detergents | What are the concentrations in Black Sea waters and sediments?What are the loads from rivers and other land-based sources of pollution? | Monitor concentrations of detergents in coastal waters, sediments, estimate loads | AG PMA | To assess level of detergents in coastal waters and sediments, improve reporting Outline trends |
| Oil pollution, petroleum hydrocarbons | What are the pollution sources of oil | 1. To assess pollution loads of oil from land based sources and offshore installations2. Illegal discharges3. Accidents | AG LBS, ESAS | Compile national information on oil pollution, include satellite investigations, improve reporting |
| What are the values of total petroleum hydrocarbons in water and sediments? | Monitor concentrations | Identify background values, assess oil pollution, improve reporting | ||
| Radionuclides | What are the trends of radionuclides in the Black Sea? Do they pose risk to human health and Black Sea biota? | 1.Monitor concentrations of radionulides in water, sediments and biota 2. Assess risk to human health and biota | AG PMAIAEA | 1. Assess trends 2. Improve reporting and compilation of available data |
| Eutrophication | ||||
| Nutrients | Are agreed measures effective in reducing eutrophication?What are the levels of nutrients in water and sediments, what are the loads from rivers and other land-based sources of pollution? | Monitor concentrations and discharges, assess loads of nutrients | AG LBS AG PMA | Quality check, improve reporting, outline indicators and trends for loads and concentrationsIntroduce monitoring of nutrients in sediments to assess the level of secondary eutrophication |
| Phytoplankton | How often phytoplankton blooms occur? What are the areas of most frequent phytoplankton blooms? What are the consequences for the Black Sea flora and fauna? | Monitor chlorophyll, phytoplankton abundance, biomass and species composition | AG PMAAG CBD | To contact JRC for satellite images,To improve reporting, to radically change the CBD reporting format |
| Zoobenthos | What are zoobenthos communities structure and abundance? Are their state improving in comparison to previous periods? | Monitor abundance, species composition | AG CBD | Habitats classification and mapping, outline of trends |
| State of other communities, endangered species | What is the state of macrophytes?Do numbers of endangered species increase? | Monitor abundance | AG CBD | Red data book update |
| Litter | ||||
| Sources and occurrence | What are the sources of litter, its amount, and areas of its occurrence | Continue assessing the scope of the problem in the Black Sea region | AG ESASAG LBS | 1. Include some observations in the GEF cruises |
| Effects on birds and marine organisms | What are the effects on birds and marine organisms | Not part of the monitoring system | AG CBDAG FOMLR | Compile information |
| Fisheries | ||||
| Impact of fisheries on ecosystem | What are the trends in fish catches?Which species are overfished? By catches and discards levels? Bioaccumulation of toxic substances? Increase in fishing fleet? | monitor ichthyoparameters, assess stocks, catches, etc. | AG FOMLR AG PMA | Harmonization of methodologies, improvement of the format and national reporting, improved assessments of stocks, etc. |
| Mariculture | initiate regular monitoring | AG FOMLR | Improve reporting | |
| Genetic disturbance | What are the trends in aquaculture development? What species are cultivated? | Track the eutrophication effect of mariculture. | ||
| Transfer of diseases | What diseases where reported? | |||
| Chemicals used | What chemicals were used for treatment? | AG PMA | ||
| Habitats destruction | Are destructive used in the Black Sea region? What are the reasons for habitats destruction in the Black Sea? | Monitor via sonars, underwater video, etc. | AG CBD, FOMLR | Create reporting format for habitats, assess most threatened habitats at present, identify habitats of Black Sea importance to designate them as protected areas. |
| Exotic species | What exotic species are intentionally and non-intentionally introduced | Monitor exotic species | AG FOMLRAG CBD | Road map for implementation of the BWM Convention, improve reporting |
| What are risks and vectors of introduction of new exotic species | Assess risks and vectors of introduction of new exotic species | |||
| Microbiological indicators | What is the quality of bathing waters in terms of bacteriological pollution | Monitor bacteriological parameters | AG LBS | To better compile national information on the quality of bathing waters, develop indicators and visualization on the WEB page of the BSC |
| Atmospheric pollution | What is the level of atmospheric pollution?Which areas are mostly polluted? | Up to now very poorly reported | AG PMA, LBS | Improve reporting format, become end-user of PROMOTE project |
| Diffuse courses of pollution | What is the level of nutrients and pollutants entering the Black Sea from diffuse sources of pollution? | Up to now not reported, and not being assessed | AG LBS, ICZM | Develop guideline for inventory, classification and assessment of diffuse sources of pollution, starting with nutrients. Development of models or adoption of available ones. |
Reporting of CBD AG (Conservation of Biodiversity Advisory Group)
| What and when exotic species are registered in your country |
| What international or bilateral agreements relevant to conservation of biological diversity are signed/ratified by your state? |
| Backterioplankton abundance and biomass |
| Phytoplankton abundance, biomass, predominating groups |
| Zooplankton, including opportunistic species |
| Macrophytes, abundance, biomass, species, indicators spesies |
| Macrozoobenthos, abundance and biomass by major groups, predominating species |
| What species are in the national RED Data Book? |
| When the National Red Data Book has been updated |
| Is enforcement of the ban on hunting marine mammals effective in your country? |
| What assessments of the marine mammals were conducted in your country |
| How often you communicate with the Activity Center on Conservation of Biological Diversity in Batumi, Georgia |
| What national centers/sanctuaries/dolphinaria do you have in your country! |
| What Projects/Programs/Studies on biodiversity of coastal zone and marine waters were conducted in your country |
| International or bilateral agreements signed or ratified for the conservation of habitat and landscape |
| Conservation areas in the Black Sea including coastal zone and wetlands |
| National policies, regulations, action plans for conservation biological and landscape diversity |
| What Agencies are responsible for management of protected areas |
| What are national instruments for management of conservation areas |
| How are authorities that manage conservation areas equipped and staffed |
| What public awareness campaigns were developed for conservation areas |
| What scientific publications were of Black Sea importance were published in your country |
Reporting of FOMLR AG (Fishery and other Marine Living Resources Management)
The group reports on:
1. Legislation and strategies development, institutions involved
2. Aqua and mariculture activities in terms of:
Fish restocking farms and species cultivated
Mussel and fish rearing
Norms and impacts
Socio-economic indicators (poorly reported)
3. Fishing Fleet
4. Employment and other socio-economic indicators poorly reported.
5. Fishing gears
6. Fish processing
7. Fishing areas and seasons
8. By-catch and discard
9. Landings
10. Stocks
Reporting of LBS AG: Land Based Sources of Pollution
Riverine loads agreed determinants
| Black Sea Rivers | |||
| UNITS | Number of observations ( to be included) | Regional Agreement from October 2006 | |
| YEAR | |||
| STN_ID | |||
| LONG | |||
| LAT | |||
| STN_NAME | |||
| RIVER_NAME | |||
| CATCH_NAME | |||
| SEA_AREA_NAME_ID | |||
| Dissolved oxygen | Changed | ||
| Nitrate (N-NO3) | kilotonnes | ||
| Nitrite (N-NO2) | kilotonnes | ||
| Orthophosphate | kilotonnes | ||
| Total Nitrogen | kilotonnes | ||
| Total Phosphorus | kilotonnes | ||
| Ammonia | kilotonnes | ||
| Zinc (Zn) - Dissolved | add | ||
| Copper (Cu) - Dissolved | add | ||
| Chromium (Cr) - Dissolved | add | ||
| Lead (Pb) - Dissolved | add | ||
| Cadmium (Cd) - Dissolved | add | ||
| Mercury (Hg) - Dissolved | add | ||
| Nickel (Ni) - Dissolved | add | ||
| Total Zinc | tonnes | ||
| Total Copper | tonnes | ||
| Total Chromium | tonnes | ||
| Total Lead | tonnes | ||
| Total Cadmium | tonnes | Changed | |
| Total Mercury | tonnes | Changed | |
| Total Nickel | tonnes | Changed | |
| Lindane (instead of Gamma-HCH) | tonnes | not reported usually | Changed |
| TSS (instead of Suspended Particulate Matter) | kilotonnes | Changed | |
| Total Hydrocarbons | kilotonnes | not reported usually | Changed |
| Anionic active surfactants (instead of detergents) | kilotonnes | Changed | |
| Phenols | kilotonnes | not reported usually | |
| PCB-28 | tonnes | not reported usually | |
| PCB-52 | tonnes | not reported usually | |
| PCB-101 | tonnes | not reported usually | |
| PCB-118 | tonnes | not reported usually | |
| PCB-153 | tonnes | not reported usually | |
| PCB-138 | tonnes | not reported usually | |
| PCB-180 | tonnes | not reported usually | |
| Total PCBs | tonnes | not reported usually | |
| Other Hazardous Substances (please give name and CAS No) | tonnes | To be removed | |
| BOD-7 | kilotonnes | not reported | To be removed |
| BOD-5 | kilotonnes | ||
| COD-Mn | kilotonnes | To be removed | |
| COD-Cr | kilotonnes | ||
| TOC | kilotonnes | ||
| AOX | kilotonnes | ||
| Tritium | Bq | not reported usually | |
| Other Radionuclides (please name) | Bq | not reported usually | |
| Average Riverine Flow for the Year | m3/sec | ||
| Long Term Annual Average Riverine Flow | m3/sec |
Industrial loads (same determinands)
Municipal Loads (same determinands)
Green-house gases (same determinands)
Accidental pollution (same determinands)
Waste Waters, as follows:
| Total amount of waste waters discharged into the Black Sea |
| Amount of insufficiently treated water |
| Amount of untreated waters |
The group reports also on policy and legislation development.
ICZM AG (Integrated Coastal Zone Management Advisory Group)
The AG reports on the state of the coast, coastal management and ICZM policies/legislation development.
| Country: | |||
| Reported Area (km2): | |||
| Reporting Organization: | |||
| Owner of Data: | |||
| Here please insert rows if you have more than one procedure to add. | |||
| Intersectoral Coordinating Mechanisms | Existence of legal procedures for coordination of coastal management decisions | Name/ | |
| year | |||
| Intersectoral Coordinating Bodies | Existence of bodies for coordination of coastal management decisions | Name/ | |
| year | |||
| Legal Planning Mechanisms for Coastal Territorial Management | Existence of legal planning procedures for coordination of coastal management decisions | Name/ | |
| year | |||
| Integrated Permitting Procedures for Coastal Territorial Management | Existence of legal integrated permitting procedures for coordination of coastal management decisions | Name/ | |
| year | |||
| Legal Basis Guaranteeing the Public Access to the Sea | Legal document - normative act guaranteeing that all the coastal line is free for the access of the public | Name/ | |
| year | |||
| Type of indicator | Indicators | UNITS | |
| Population and Geography | Administrative organization of coastal zone | ||
| a) total no. of cities | No. | ||
| b) no of cities over 100 000 inhabitants | No. | ||
| c) no of cities over 1000 000 inhabitants | No | ||
| d) total no of rural settlements | No. | ||
| Total inland area of coastal zone (if is defined) | km2 | ||
| Total sea area of coastal zone | km2 | ||
| Number of population | Thousands pers. | ||
| Population density in coastal regions | |||
| a) out of the touristic season | inhabitant/km2 | ||
| b) in the touristic season | inhabitant/km2 | ||
| Birth rates | persons per thousand | ||
| Mortality | persons per thousand | ||
| Morbidity | persons per thousand | ||
| Working people | thousands | ||
| Unemployment | thousands | ||
| Retired people | thousands | ||
| Average Age of population | years | ||
| Children under 18 years old | thousands | ||
| Population growth in Black Sea coastal region (natural increase, natural decrease) | rate per 1000 inhabitants | ||
| Net migration rate | % | ||
| Urbanization Rate | % | ||
| Rural/urban residence ratio | % | ||
| Total land funds use | ha | ||
| a) agriculture areas | ha | ||
| b) forest and other forest vegetation lands | ha | ||
| c) waters and ponds | ha | ||
| d) wetlands | |||
| e) beaches (area) | GDP | ||
| General land use change | % | ||
| Unemployment rate | % | ||
| Average Net monthly earnings | Euro (or in your National currency, but giving conversion rate) | ||
| Energy | Total energy consumption by fuel | tones/year | |
| Energy production/capita | MW/cap/year | ||
| No of wind farms | No | ||
| Water and Wastewater | Public sewage network system | No of localities | |
| Drinking water supply network | No of localities | ||
| Volume of drinking water supplied to consumers | m3 | ||
| Population with access to clean drinking water | No | ||
| Length of drinking water supply network | km | ||
| Population connected to WWTP (total rural+urban) | % | ||
| Biodiversity | Green areas | Ha | |
| Number of natural (parks) reserves and their areas | No; Ha | ||
| Number of Natura 2000 site and their areas | No ; ha | ||
| Number of marine protected area and their areas | No ; ha | ||
| Coastal erosion | Number of vulnerable areas to erosion | No. | |
| Annually beach surface eroded | ha | ||
| Average rate of beach erosion /abrasion | meters | ||
| Retreat of cliffs | meters | ||
| Economy | Regional gross domestic product | Thou Euro | |
| GDP growth | % change/year | ||
| Sect oral distribution of GDP | % | ||
| Tourism | Touristic accommodation capacities | Places/year | |
| Touristic accommodation units in coastal zone | no/year | ||
| Number of tourist arrivals | |||
| a) National | no/year | ||
| b) From abroad | no/year | ||
| Number of tourist facilities conducting ecological audit | No | ||
| Number of Tourist Companies Promoting GreenTourism | No | ||
| Number of "Blue Flag" Beaches | No | ||
| Carrying capacity of beaches | sq.m per person | ||
| Number of tourist staying overnight | no/year | ||
| Value of tourist expenditures | Thou Euro | ||
| Health | No of sanitary units | ||
| Solid Waste Management | Industrial wastes | tones/year | |
| Hazardous industrial wastes | tones/year | ||
| Municipal wastes | number | ||
| Number of landfills | tones | ||
| Total capacity of landfills | number | ||
| Number of incineration plants | tones/year | ||
| Total capacity of incineration plants | tones/year | ||
| Agriculture | Total area of agricultural lands | thousand ha | |
| Arable lands treated with mineral fertilizers | thousand ha | ||
| Fertilizers application rate | kg per ha | ||
| Arable lands treated with pesticides | sq.km | ||
| Pesticides application rate | kg per ha | ||
| Area of irrigated lands | ha | ||
| Number of animal farms | No | ||
| Number of cattle | thousand heads | ||
| Number of pigs | thousand heads | ||
| Number of sheep | thousand heads | ||
| Number of poultry | thousand heads | ||
| Industry | Number of metallurgic enterprises | ||
| Total production of metallurgic enterprises | Euro (or in your National currency, but giving conversion rate) | ||
| Number of textile enterprises | |||
| Total production of textile enterprises | Euro | ||
| Number of food processing enterprises | |||
| Total production of food processing enterprises | Euro | ||
| Number of refineries | |||
| Total production of refineries | Euro | ||
| Please add any other industry important in your coastal zone | |||
| Transport | Density of the public road network, | km/km2 | |
| Number of airports | no. | ||
| Length of rail ways | km | ||
| No of harbours | No | ||
| Total harbour area | ha | ||
| Harbour Traffic capacity | mln tones/year | ||
| Number of oil terminals | th.t | ||
| Capacity of oil terminals | th.t.per year | ||
| Lengths of oil pipelines | km | ||
| Capacity of oil pipelines | th.tones per year | ||
| Length of gas pipelines | km | ||
| Capacity of gas pipelines | mln tones/year | ||
| Climate | Precipitations | mm per year | |
| Sunshine | hours per year | ||
| Sea level rise | mm |
The basic problem with the ICZM reporting is that there is no definition of COASTAL ZONE. The states report in a different way: for instance Bulgaria reports for municipalities along the Black Sea coast, Georgia - almost for half of the country.
ESAS (Environmental Safety Aspects of Shipping)
The reporting of the group consists of data on:
Ballast waters
Oil spills (accidental, number and volume)
Offshore installations
Dumping and dredging
Ports and port reception facilities
Ships (tankers and cargo) calling at Black Sea ports and passing the Bosphorus, cargo turnover, passengers. Complience with regulations.
Policy and legislation development
BSIMAP data on Nutrients in Water
| Water | O2 | O2 | TSS | Secchi disk | BOD5 | P-PO4 | TP | N -NH4 | N - NO3 | TN |
| Bulgaria | % | mg/L O2 | mg/L | m | mg/L O2 | mol/l P | mol/l N | mol/l N | ||
| 2005 | ||||||||||
| Average | 84.8 | 8.4 | 6.5 | 1.9 | 0.623 | 0.91 | 5.09 | 32.34 | 58.21 | |
| Max | 121.0 | 13.5 | 47.0 | 4.0 | 3.05 | 3.07 | 31.21 | 50.71 | 120.71 | |
| Min | 46.2 | 4.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 3.57 | 23.21 | |
| No of samples | 26 | 28 | 22 | 21 | 28 | 12 | 28 | 18 | 15 | |
| 2004 | ||||||||||
| Average | 87.39 | 8.13 | 19.23 | 1.97 | 5.36 | 6.56 | ||||
| Max | 180.00 | 17.40 | 350.00 | 4.60 | 15.85 | 12.90 | ||||
| Min | 54.90 | 4.46 | 1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||
| 2003 | ||||||||||
| Average | 82.00 | 8.03 | 10.80 | 1.67 | 0.04 | 0.179 | 19.43 | |||
| Max | 116.00 | 15.40 | 40.00 | 2.90 | 0.21 | 3.57 | 49.29 | |||
| Min | 46.50 | 4.51 | 1.00 | 0.90 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | |||
| No of samples | 40 | 40 | 40 | 38 | 40 | 38 | 24 | |||
| 2002 | ||||||||||
| Average | 76.86 | 7.19 | 15.23 | 1.75 | 1.87 | 0.06 | 11.01 | 1.59 | ||
| Max | 132.00 | 14.20 | 28.00 | 5.5 | 4.88 | 0.86 | 39.93 | 37.86 | ||
| Min | 52.00 | 4.47 | 6.00 | 0.8 | 0.97 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.07 | ||
| No of samples | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 24 | 38 | ||
| 2001 | ||||||||||
| Average | 97.48 | 9.17 | 18.00 | 1.75 | 0.11 | 7.11 | 39.21 | |||
| Max | 175.00 | 16.10 | 57.00 | 5.50 | 1.11 | 36.99 | 92.86 | |||
| Min | 38.10 | 4.16 | 2.00 | 0.80 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | |||
| No of samples | 38 | 38 | 38 | 36 | 38 | 38 | 28 |
| Water | O2 | BOD5 | P (PO4) | P total | N (NH4) | N (NO3) | N (NO2) | N, Total | SiO4 |
| Georgia | mol/l | mol/l | mol/l | mol/l | mol/l | mol/l | mol/l | mol/l | mol/l |
| 2005 | |||||||||
| Average | 190.94 | 49.596 | 0.26 | 6.24 | 2.88 | ? | |||
| Max | 259.4 | 65.6 | 0.38 | 10.2 | 5.61 | ? | |||
| Min | 154.7 | 34.38 | 0.18 | 1.12 | 1.38 | ? | |||
| No of samples | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | |||
| 2001 | |||||||||
| Average | 169.6 | 121.28 | 0.52 | 0.65 | 0.26[1] | 7.17 | 0.10 | 13.84 | |
| Max | 204.8 | 147.2 | 0.70[2] | 0.40 | 8.30 | 0.45 | 15.6 | ||
| Min | 150.4 | 102.4 | 0.18 | 0.54 | 0.20 | 6.20 | 0.02 | 11.4 | |
| No of samples | 20 | 19 | 14 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 4 | 22 |
| Water | O2 | BOD5 | P (PO4) | TP | N (NH4) | N (NO3) | NO3-N+NO2-N | TN | SiO4 |
| Romania | mol/l O2 | mol/l O2 | mol/l P | mol/l P | mol/l N | mol/l N | mol/l N | mol/l N | mol/l Si |
| 2005 | |||||||||
| Average | 301.14 | 133.23 | 0.38 | 1.43 | 7.30 | 6.62 | 47.84 | 8.74 | |
| Max | 405.5 | 304.6 | 7.23 | 4.32 | 46.05 | 32.68 | 155.3 | 90.7 | |
| Min | 225.5 | 9.38 | 0.04 | 0.53 | 0.35 | 1.68 | 16.1 | 0.6 | |
| No of samples | 47 | 49 | 49 | 12 | 49 | 49 | 12 | 49 | |
| 2004 | |||||||||
| Average | 333.23 | 139.06 | 0.566 | 4.853 | 8.323 | 9.973 | |||
| Max | 546.6 | 392.1 | 15.240 | 47.500 | 71.570 | 79.200 | |||
| Min | 225.1 | 45.1 | 0.010 | 0.550 | 1.080 | 1.700 | |||
| No of samples | 116 | 116 | 116 | 116 | 116 | 116 | |||
| 2003 | |||||||||
| Average | 347.33 | 150.35 | 0.69 | 6.51 | 7.95 | 8.57 | 8.61 | ||
| Max | 649.40 | 527.90 | 13.36 | 104.60[3] | 58.85[4] | 61.19 | 44.10 | ||
| Min | 257.20 | 54.90 | 0.02 | 0.98 | 0.83 | 1.18 | 0.40 | ||
| No of samples | 94 | 90 | 88 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | ||
| 2002 | |||||||||
| Average | 325.5 | 145.3 | 0.57 | 8.7 | 8.48 | 9.52 | 10.01 | ||
| Max | 543.1 | 408.6 | 5.98 | 101.8 | 51.79 | 53.53 | 114.8 | ||
| Min | 198.3 | 32.2 | 0.01 | 0.32 | 2.21 | 2.48 | 0.1 | ||
| No of sample | 84 | 84 | 86 | 83 | 83 | 83 | |||
| 2001 | |||||||||
| Average | 385.54 | 175.24 | 0.23 | 8.53 | 1.70 | 4.04 | |||
| Max | 426.24 | 357.12 | 3.40 | 19.06 | 11.70 | 28.25 | |||
| Min | 180.16 | 20.16 | 0.00 | 0.90 | 0.38 | 0.05 | |||
| No of samples | 78 | 62 | 74 | 74 | 74 | 71 |
| Water | O2 | BOD5 | P (PO4) | TP | N (NH4) | N (NO3) | N (NO2) | TN | SiO4 |
| Russian Federation | ml/L | mg/L O2 | mkg/L[5] | mkg/L | mkg/L | mkg/l | mkg/L | mkg/L | mkg/l |
| 2005 | |||||||||
| Average | 6.42 | 0.832 | 7.104 | 14.705 | 12.395 | 42.577 | 2.687 | 274.81 | 494.38 |
| Max | 8.10 | 2.698 | 27.884 | 92.122 | 40.619 | 248.995 | 6.334 | 715.97 | 1826.142 |
| Min | 3.097 | 0.172 | 0.041 | 3.513 | 3.903 | 2.063 | 0.410 | 90.70 | 61.87 |
| No of samples | 213 | 115 | 177 | 133 | 154 | 147 | 176 | 131 | 177 |
| May-August 2003 | |||||||||
| Average | 8.2 | 8.34 | 13.7 | 0.7 | 1.5 | 395.88 | |||
| Max | 9.3 | 8.46 | 29.4 | 1.5 | 3.6 | 560.00 | |||
| Min | 7.6 | 8.27 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 230.00 | |||
| No of samples | 8 | 20 | 8 | 6 | 8 | 20 | |||
| 2002 | |||||||||
| Average | 6.04 | 12.15 | 43.37 | 80.07 | 0.55 | 1999.20 | |||
| Max | 8.08 | 40.60 | 134.50 | 457.00 | 3.10 | 5644.00 | |||
| Min | 4.94 | 0.00 | 7.70 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 118.00 | |||
| No of samples | 6.00 | 6.00 | 6.00 | 6.00 | 6.00 | 6.00 |
| Water | O2 | Secci | H2S | P (PO4) | P total | N (NH4) | N (NO3) | N, Total | SiO4 |
| Turkey | mg/l O2 | m | mg/L | mol/l P | mol/l P | mol/l N | mol/l N | mol/l N | mol/l Si |
| 2005 | |||||||||
| Average | 8.86 | 6.59 | 0.199 | 0.386 | 1.636 | 0.367 | 8.315 | 10.813 | |
| Max | 14.67 | 13.7 | 3.85 | 5.78 | 10.793 | 3.777 | 85.081 | 190.927 | |
| Min | 1.67 | 0.6 | 0.007 | 0.029 | 0.377 | 0.0095 | 0.988 | 0.004 | |
| No of Samples | 836 | 128 | 835 | 836 | 836 | 835 | 836 | 836 | |
| 2004 | |||||||||
| Average | 8.47 | 12.17 | 0.31 | 0.32[6] | 0.31 | 1.84 | 0.35 | 3.76 | 13.06 |
| Max | 11.63 | 15.88 | 0.50 | 4.69 | 1.74 | 7.62 | 7.26 | 12.07 | 52.71 |
| Min | 0.54 | 7.93 | 0.18 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 2.42 | 0.62 |
| No of Samples | 413 | 415 | 4 | 414 | 412 | 415 | 414 | 412 | 415 |
| Water | Chlorophyll | |||
| Turkey | ||||
| 2004 | mg/L | |||
| Average | 0.76 | |||
| Max | 5.186 | |||
| Min | 0.1 | |||
| No of samples | 389 |
| Water | O2 | Secci | BOD5 | P (PO4) | P total | N (NH4) | N (NO2) | N (NO3) | N total | SiO4 |
| Ukraine | mg/L | m | mg/L | mg/L | mg/L | mg/L | mg/L | mg/L | mg/L | mg/L |
| 2005 | ||||||||||
| Average | 8.66 | 2.25 | 0.04 | 0.17 | 0.02 | 0.29 | 0.17 | 0.45 | ||
| Max | 11.30 | 4.40 | 0.06 | 2.23 | 0.43 | 2.00 | 0.52 | 1.04 | ||
| Min | 3.12 | 1.80 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.01 | ||
| No of samples | 113 | 78 | 13 | 78 | 88 | 86 | 12 | 15 | ||
| 2004 | ||||||||||
| Average | 9.05 | 2.48 | 2.28 | 0.11 | 0.01 | 0.22 | 0.38 | |||
| Max | 11.30 | 1.70 | 14.00 | 2.05 | 0.22 | 2.20 | 3.45 | |||
| Min | 4.80 | 14.00 | 1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | |||
| No of samples | 88 | 74 | 88 | 68 | 86 | 69 | 57 | |||
| 2003 | ||||||||||
| Average | 7.29 | 2.20 | 0.028 | 0.06 | 0.12 | 0.01 | 0.20 | 0.56 | 0.45 | |
| Max | 10.80 | 6.20 | 0.122 | 0.15 | 1.59 | 0.17 | 2.40 | 1.70 | 0.89 | |
| Min | 3.24 | 1.50 | 0 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.11 | 0.15 | |
| No of samples | 21 | 98 | 19 | 17 | 112 | 116 | 116 | 17 | 18 | |
| 2002 | ||||||||||
| Average | 9.79 | 2.36 | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.09 | 0.18 | 0.39 | ||
| Max | 11.07 | 4.60 | 0.03 | 0.22 | 0.06 | 0.37 | 0.18 | 0.43 | ||
| Min | 8.53 | 1.36 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.18 | 0.35 | ||
| No of samples | 15 | 13 | 5 | 15 | 16 | 15 | 4 | 5 | ||
| 2001 | ||||||||||
| Average | 9.00 | 2.40 | 0.016 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.37 | 0.29 | |
| Max | 10.19 | 2.90 | 0.029 | 0.07 | 0.25 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.58 | 0.47 | |
| Min | 7.50 | 1.80 | 0.004 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.17 | 0.12 | |
| No of samples | 13 | 10 | 8 | 5 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 5 | 5 |
BSIMAP Data on Heavy Metals and Organic Micropollutants in Water
| Water | Cd | Cu | Hg | Pb |
| Bulgaria | g/l | g/l | g/l | g/l |
| 2004 | ||||
| Average | 0.13 | 2.07 | 1.07 | |
| Min | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | |
| Max | 2.00 | 6.00 | 8.00 | |
| No of samples | 35 |
| Water | Cd | Cu | Hg | Pb |
| Georgia | g/L | g/L | ng/L | g/L |
| 2001 | ||||
| Average | 41.00 | 4.66 | 0.24 | |
| Max | 41.00 | 78.00 | 0.28 | |
| Min | 41.00 | 0.07 | 0.21 | |
| No of samples | 5.00 | 19.00 | 19.00 |
| Water | Cd | Mn | Cu | Pb |
| Romania | g/l | g/l | g/l | g/l |
| 2003 | ||||
| Average | 1.52 | 5.98 | 3.79 | 8.17 |
| Max | 2.86 | 14.54 | 10.73 | 32.85 |
| Min | 0.73 | 0.99 | 0.16 | 0.51 |
| No of samples | 18 | 11 | 18 | 18 |
| 2001 | ||||
| Average | 1.80 | 12.01 | 10.56 | 9.25 |
| Max | 10.97 | 22.29 | 40.80 | 49.95 |
| Min | 0.06 | 2.27 | 0.04 | 0.59 |
| No of samples | 50 | 30 | 50 | 39 |
| Water | DDT | Lindane | Petroleum Hydrocarbons | PAHs |
| Romania | g/l | g/l | g/l | ng/l |
| 2003 | ||||
| Average | 32.32 | 223.6 | 194.1702 | 36.87 |
| Max | 32.32 | 359.88 | 1096 | 103.07 |
| Min | 32.32 | 130.27 | 9.5 | 1.85 |
| No of samples | 1 | 3 | 51 | 3 |
| 2001 | ||||
| Average | 18.64 | 89.38 | 149.35 | 253.85 |
| Max | 783.00 | 2083.00 | 2268.40 | 993.00 |
| Min | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 2.32 |
| No of samples | 42 | 42 | 96 | 38 |
| Water | DDT | DDD | DDE | Lindane | Petroleum Hydrocarbons |
| Russian Federation | n/L | n/L | n/L | n/L | mg/L |
| 2002 | |||||
| Average | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.03 |
| Max | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.09 |
| Min | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| No of samples | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
| Water | Cd | Cu | Hg | Pb | Petroleum Hydrocarbons |
| Turkey | g/l | g/l | g/l | g/l | g/L |
| 2004 | |||||
| Average | 0.51 | 1.61 | 1.74 | 0.14 | 11.24 |
| Max | 0.86 | 3.28 | 7.74 | 1.10 | 77.17 |
| Min | 0.26 | 0.72 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.99 |
| No of Samples | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 66 |
| Water | Cd | Cu | Hg | Pb | Petroleum Hydrocarbons |
| Ukraine | g/L | g/L | g/L | g/L | g/L |
| 2004 | |||||
| Average | 50 | ||||
| Min | 50 | ||||
| Max | 180 | ||||
| No | 86 | ||||
| 2003 | |||||
| Average | 50 | ||||
| Min | 50 | ||||
| Max | 60 | ||||
| No | 96 | ||||
| 2002 | |||||
| Average | 50 | ||||
| Min | 50 | ||||
| Max | 90 | ||||
| No | 94 | ||||
| 2001 | |||||
| Average | 50 | ||||
| Min | 50 | ||||
| Max | 50 | ||||
| No | 9 |
BSIMAP: Heavy Metals in Bottom Sediments
| Bottom Sediments | Cd | Cu | Hg | Pb |
| Romania | mg/kg | mg/kg | mg/kg | mg/kg |
| 2004 | ||||
| Average | 5.52 | 57.86 | 50.95 | |
| Max | 30.19 | 182.96 | 149.45 | |
| Min | 0.65 | 8.61 | 3.49 | |
| No of samples | 42 | 43 | 43 |
| Bottom Sediments | Cd | Cu | Hg | Pb |
| Turkey | mg/kg | mg/kg | mg/kg | mg/kg |
| 2004 | ||||
| Average | 69.08 | 68.50 | 27.04 | |
| Max | 269.00 | 286.00 | 62.00 | |
| Min | 19.00 | 4.00 | 11.00 | |
| No of Samples | 50 | 39 | 49 |
Trace metals in Biota
| Biota, mussels | Pb | Cd | Hg |
| Romania | g / g | g / g | g / g |
| 2003 | |||
| Average | 0.41 | 0.092 | |
| Max | 0.58 | 0.150 | |
| Min | 0.31 | 0.017 | |
| No of samples | 3 | 3 |
APPENDIX I: Information on SQL-server on-line BSIS developed within the BSERP
The Black Sea Information System (BSIS) was a part of the Information Strategy developed within the project. BSIS was the first key element of the implementation of the Information Strategy of the Black Sea Commission. The system provides tools for reporting and communication at the international level, regional, and national level.
The implemented approach distinguishes between two sections/parts of the information system developed. These are: an internal area/system (or the loop of official reporting) and external interface/systems (or the loop of supporting activities and development). The first internal part of the system has to support and facilitate the Commissions activities in relation to the official reporting of the countries, whereas the loop of development provides needed means and tools to facilitate any kind of supporting activities, i.e. the development of background documents, assessments or drafting official documents (strategies, protocols, agreements, etc.).
The main requirements to the information within the BSIS are to:
correspond to the needs in information, as well as to the interest of users (e.g. the Black Sea Commission, International Programmes (e.g. BSERP, Tacis, WB ICZM), public, NGOs, private sector, etc.);
provide operational access of the interested parties (also via the Internet) to the data and information available for the Black Sea region in different fields of activities;
correspond to the information requirements of decision support tools, in particular GIS;
consider the regional peculiarities of the Black Sea environment;
correspond to the requirements of the Programmes developed within BSEP/BSERP (e.g. the Black Sea Monitoring and Assessment Programme (BSMAP), Water Quality Objectives for the Black Sea region, system of environmental indicators);
provide a basis for further development of the water quality standards, quality objectives and key indicators in the region and harmonisation of the existing in the riparian countries legislation.
The main principles of the BSIS are regarded to be:
BSIS must be of a regional nature and be coordinated (but not necessarily operated) at the Black Sea level (e.g. Permanent Secretariat)
All participants to the system need to be interested in the functioning and future development of the system, which would provide its sustainability in future
Data and information quality must fit the international QA/QC procedures
All riparian countries must share data and information on the Black Sea within the implementation of the Black Sea Convention and corresponding Strategies, Protocols and Programmes.
Database. The central database of BSIS is a SQL-server 2000 database. The database contains 219 inter-related tables containing information on all aspects of the implementation of the Black Sea Strategic Action Plan. In order to operate the database a Database Management Application has been developed with a user-friendly interface.
Database Management Application. The software has been developed on the basis of the corresponding Informational Strategy. The development process involves the main organisational units of the Black Sea Commission and presently focuses mainly on the official reporting rather than development/research activities. There are two types of DBMAs. Central DB application works with the central BSIS database, whereas every AG-specific DBMAs work only with the tables related to the corresponding AG-related information. A super DBMA is able to work with all sections of the database. The Central DB application forms a sound basis for the implementation of data exchange and provides all needed tools for storing/retrieval the data and support of management decisions (initially - State of Environment reports, reporting on the implementation process of the Black Sea Strategic Action Plan).
Importing data into BSIS. A number of supporting applications have been developed to enter the data into the system. These are:
Software for each of the AG, which operates a MS Access database compatible with the Central BSIS database.
Reporting templates in MS Excel developed for each Advisory Group. The templates are also compatible with BSIS
A series of importing routines have been developed for user-friendly import of data received from the countries into the system.
Web-based Application. In order to access information stored in BSIS a web-application has been developed for browsing and exporting the BSIS data. The structure of the web-application is presented below. Only data to be reported to EEA are accessible.
BSIS is operational in the joint premises of the BSC/PS and BSERP PIU. The database of the system has been populated with the data for 2001-2005.
APPENDIX II: Vessel Traffic Oil Pollution System (VTOPIS) Pilot Project
The pilot project is implemented in Bulgaria. The main activities of the project included:
Assessment of the current situation, determination of the place of VTOPIS offices and identification of goals and objectives for the VTOPIS;
Development of software for visualisation, tracking and backtracking of the ships traffic, which could pose a high risk of pollution for the marine environment;
Development of an integrated database with the ships pollution information, including collection and dissemination of information among the Bucharest Convention, related international organizations, national parties and the public;
Determination of standard formats to report ships pollution issues for related authorities and data exchange formats between VTOPIS and the competent national authorities in case of oil spill incidents;
Provision of hardware and software for building of the database, communications and oil spill modeling;
Development of a proposal for multiplication of VTOPIS for the rest of the Black Sea countries.
To improve the protection of the marine environment and vulnerable coastal resources;
To enhance and strengthen the capabilities of the authorities of the Black Sea states for monitoring and control of the marine environment, including emergency situations at sea;
To contribute to the effective implementation of the Black Sea Contingency Plan to the Protocol on Co-operation in Combating Pollution of the Black Sea by Oil and other Harmful Substances in Emergency Situations, Bucharest Convention.
Specific objectives:
Assessment of the current situation on management of VTOPIS related information in the nominated country;
Design a Vessel Traffic Oil Pollution Information System for collection, update, exchange and management of information, including generation of required reports. The System is designed to:
Support respective national authorities in management of the information related to VTOPIS;
Establish an information network consisting of central, local facilities and socio-economic organisations, towards the management of VTOPIS and fulfill the obligations to the Bucharest Convention;
Support Government in monitoring the reduction and elimination of pollution originated from ships;
Support the Government in monitoring and evaluating environmental policy performance related to management of pollution, in order to take appropriate actions towards environmental protection in Black Sea countries and fulfill the obligation to the Bucharest Convention;
Provide technical guidance/ format for regular reports on ships pollution issues to related ministries, sectors and facilities;
Provide relevant information to support research and development on pollution prevention and control related to pollution from ships. (e.g. information for evaluation of new production processes and technologies, waste treatment technologies etc.);
Provide information to support the identification and assessment of the potential risks to the human and environment by monitoring the sources and releases of pollution into the environment;
Exchange and disseminate information among the relevant stakeholders and the public, contributing to the protection of human health and environment from the adverse impacts of pollution;
Collect information and generate required reports to the Government and the Bucharest Convention.
VTOPIS structure with different modules for different kind of activities, as:
Data acquisition - input/output of different kind of information, including hydrological, meteorological, ship particulars, etc.;
Data exchange - exchange of information with other institutions and/or VTOPIS offices in other Black Sea countries;
Reports generation, including reports for inspections of the ships, reports for different kind of statistics for pollution and/or ships;
Database management;
Real time visualisation;
Backtracking;
Oil spill modeling.
After the completion of the project and analyzing of the results the following conclusions can be made:
VTOPIS provides all necessary tools for the daily activities of MEPC department including management of the inspections, permissions and pollution reports;
The information management integrated in VTOPIS database provides fast and accurate generation of all needed reports. Implementation of data export in MS Excel format provides additional possibilities for generation of unlimited number of more exotic reports and data analysis;
Close integration between VTMIS and VTOPIS is essential for the efficiency of the system. Real time visualization and backtracking are compulsory for effective monitoring of the vessel traffic and oil spill investigations;
Implementation of VTOPIS does not require expensive and specialized hardware equipment;
Implementation of professional and well supported oil spill modeling system requires more funds than provided in the pilot project. However the GNOME system can be used until such financing is available;
For successful implementation of VTOPIS in the rest of the Black Sea countries more research of the legal basis in these countries is needed;
AIS data sharing between Black Sea countries will improve the readiness in case of oil spills and will provide valuable data for oil spill investigations;
The pilot project VTOPIS gives the necessary data in case of operational or accidental oil spills and other emergencies. The implementation of this system in Bulgaria and possibility for multiplication in other Black Sea countries greatly improves the ecological control of shipping in the Black Sea region.
[1] Not reliable difference between values of N-NH4 and N-NO3
[2] For Max Ptot there is no value corresponding to 0.70
[3] Constanta, May , 5 m depth
[4] Sulina, May, 5m depth
[5] Needed to transfer into mol/l
[6] All marked columns need specific interpretation
